Diseño y validación del cuestionario de evaluación de la calidad percibida en la gestión deportiva del futbol femenil / Desenho e validação do questionário para avaliação da qualidade percebida na gestão esportiva do futebol feminino / Design and validation of the questionnaire for the evaluation of the perceived quality in sports management of women’s soccer

El objetivo del presente trabajo es diseñar y validar la creación del cuestionario de evaluación de la calidad percibida en la gestión deportiva del futbol femenil. El muestreo fue intencional por conveniencia, con un total de 332 jugadoras y un rango de edad de entre los 18 y 51 años (M= 20.92; DE= 3.59). Se llevaron a cabo análisis de validez de constructo por medio de un análisis factorial exploratorio (AFE) así como un análisis factorial confirmatorio (AFC) seguido de análisis de fiabilidad y varianzamedia extractada. El instrumento creado fue el GEDECAFF. Los resultados de los análisis factoriales mostraron 36 ítems divididos en 4 factores: (1) Interacción con el entrenador, (2) Instalaciones, (3) Servicio de personal e (4) Institucional; los indicadores de pertinencia fueron apropiados y explican el 76.25% de la varianza total. Los índices de ajuste, error y chi cuadrado son adecuados CFI = .90, TLI = .89 y RMSEA = .07, χ2/gl = 2.17. Los resultados muestran que Alfa de Cronbach y Omega de McDonald por factores está por encima de .90. En conclusión, el cuestionario GEDECAFF presenta las propiedades psicométricas satisfactorias y atiende las necesidades de los servicios ofrecidos por los distintos clubes, dando oportunidad a la mejora continua de la calidad del servicio en el futbol femenil.(AU)

The purpose of this study is to design and validate the creation of the questionnaire for the evaluation of theperceived quality in the sports management of women's soccer. The sampling was intentional for convenience, with a total of 332 soccer players and an age range between 18 and 51 years (M = 20.92; SD= 3.59). Construct validity analyses were carried out using an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) as well as a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) followed by reliability analysis and extracted mean variance. The instrument created was the GEDECAFF. The result of the factor analysis showed 36 items divided into 4factors: (1) Interaction with a coach, (2) Facilities, (3) Personal service, and (4) Institutional; the relevance indicators were adequate, explaining 76.25% of the total variance. The fit and error indices are adequate CFI = .90, TLI = .89, and RMSEA = .07, regarding the χ2/df = 2.17. The results show that Cronbach's Alpha and McDonald's Omega by factors is above .90. In conclusion, the GEDECAFF questionnaire presents the appropriate psychometric properties and meets the needs of the services offered by the different women's soccer clubs, opening an opportunity for continuous improvement in the quality of service in women's soccer.(AU)

O objetivo deste estudo foivalidar a criação do questionário para avaliação da qualidade percebida na gestão desportiva do futebol feminino. A amostra foi intencional por conveniência, com um total de 332 jogadores de futebol e faixa etária entre 18 e 51 anos (M= 20.92; DP= 3.59). As análises de validade de construto foram realizadas por meio de uma análise fatorial exploratória (EFA), bem como uma análise fatorial confirmatória (CFA), seguida de análise de confiabilidade e variância média extraída. O instrumento criado foi o GEDECAFF. Os resultados das análises fatoriais mostraram 36 itens divididos em 4 fatores: (1) Interação com o formador, (2) Instalações, (3) Atendimento Pessoal e (4) Institucional; os indicadores de relevância foram adequados, explicando 76.25% da variância total. Os índices de ajuste e erro são adequados CFI = .90, TLI = .89 e RMSEA = .07, em relação ao χ2/df = 2.17. Os resultados mostram que o Alfa de Cronbach e o ômega do McDonald's por fatores estão acima de 0,90. Em conclusão, o questionário GEDECAFF apresenta as propriedades psicométricas adequadas e atende às necessidadesdos serviços oferecidos pelos diferentes clubes de futebol feminino, abrindo uma oportunidade de melhoria contínua na qualidade do serviço no futebol feminino.(AU)

Factores relacionados con la percepción de ruido hospitalario en una unidad de neurociencias / Factors related to the perception of hospital noise in a hospital neuroscience unit

El ruido en el medio hospitalario conlleva consecuencias serias para la salud. La evidencia demuestra que los pacientes neurológicos hospitalizados, se ven más afectados por la contaminación acústica, ya que ciertos estímulos están alterados, siendo más sensibles a luz y ruido. El descanso nocturno de los pacientes, es un aspecto relevante dentro del proceso de recuperación. Estudios previos, en relación al ruido hospitalario concluyeron que, el índice de ruido intrahospitalario supera las recomendaciones de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, que cifra por debajo de 35 decibelios la noche, y 45 decibelios el día. En este contexto, la Comisión de Calidad Percibida y Humanización estableció un programa específico de intervención sobre el ruido, para la mejora de la calidad percibida de los pacientes ingresados, calidad de vida y sueño. Se planteó un estudio de investigación cuantitativo observacional de tipo transversal para describir los factores relacionados con la percepción de ruido hospitalario en la unidad de neurociencias, y en relación a la medición real de decibelios en diferentes áreas de la misma unidad. Los resultados estiman que es posible reducir la contaminación acústica hospitalaria, haciendo cambios de mínima intervención y bajo coste, pero de gran impacto en la percepción de los pacientes y en la disminución del ruido, como es el mobiliario, ajuste de horarios de visita y concienciación de los profesionales de la salud sobre el ruido generado en la realización de la propia actividad asistencial. Como estudio de extensión, se propone el estudio de la efectividad de medidas propuestas. (AU)

Noise in the hospital environment has serious consequences for health. The evidence shows that hospitalized neurological patients are more affected by light and noise pollution, since certain stimuli are altered, being more sensitive to light and noise. The night rest of the patients is a relevant aspect within the recovery process. Previous studies, in relation to hospital noise, concluded that the intrahospital noise index exceeds the recommendations of the World Health Organization, which is below 35 decibels at night and 45 decibels during the day. In this context, the Perceived Quality and Humanization Commission established a specific noise intervention program to improve the perceived quality of hospitalized patients, quality of life and sleep. A cross-sectional observational quantitative research study was proposed to describe the factors related to the perception of hospital noise in the neuroscience unit, and in relation to the actual measurement of decibels in different areas of the same unit. The results estimate that it is possible to reduce hospital noise pollution, making changes with minimal intervention and low cost, but with a great impact on the perception of patients and on the reduction of noise, such as furniture, adjustment of visiting hours and awareness of health professionals about the noise generated in the performance of the care activity itself. As an extension study, the study of the effectiveness of the proposed measures is proposed. (AU)

Haz lo que haces tan bien que tus pacientes querrán verlo de nuevo; sistema automatizado de valoración de la satisfacción de los usuarios en CMA / Do what you do so well that your patients will want to see it again; automated user satisfaction rating system at CMA

Introducción: La valoración que el paciente hace de la atención prestada es un indicador importante de la calidad del servicio prestado, demostrando ser eficaz en la mejora continua de la calidad asistencial a fin de detectar debilidades que ayuden a desarrollar estrategias de mejora. Uno de esos medidores es el Net Promoter Score (NPS), sistema de medición que indica la probabilidad que se recomiende el servicio a un familiar o amigo. En mayo de 2021 comenzó una prueba piloto con la cual se impulsa un proceso de automatización del sistema de evaluación de la satisfacción del paciente. El objetivo de este estudio es obtener una valoración cuantificable de la satisfacción de nuestros pacientes, conociendo el NPS de nuestra unidad. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de los datos obtenidos a través de las encuestas realizadas digitalmente por los pacientes en un periodo comprendido desde el 21 de mayo de 2021 al 31 de marzo de 2022. Resultados: La satisfacción global ha sido muy alta, estando el 95,4 % de los pacientes feliz. Se obtuvo un NPS de 87, lo que sitúa a nuestra unidad en datos de excelencia. Conclusiones: Las herramientas cuantitativas de medición ayudan a mantener una monitorización continua de los estándares de calidad para identificar problemas, corregirlos y/o prevenirlos. Las encuestas informatizadas deben ser eficientes, de fácil desarrollo y efectuadas con regularidad (AU)

Introduction: The patient’s evaluation of the care provided is an important indicator of the quality of the service offered, proving to be effective in the continuous improvement of the quality of care, in order to detect weaknesses that help to develop strategies for improvement. One such measure is the Net Promoter Score (NPS), a system of measurement that indicates the probability that the service will be recommended to a family member or friend. In May 2021, a pilot test will begin to drive a process of automation of the patient satisfaction evaluation system. The aim of this study is to obtain a quantifiable assessment of the satisfaction of our patients, knowing the NPS of our department. Methodology: A retrospective study was carried out of the data obtained from the surveys carried out digitally by patients in the period from 21 May 2021 to 31 March 2022. Results: Overall satisfaction was very high, with 95.4% of patients being happy, and an NPS of 87 was obtained, which places our department in a position of excellence. Conclusions: Quantitative measurement tools help to keep a continuous monitoring of quality standards in order to identify problems, correct them and/or prevent them. Computerised surveys must be efficient, easy to develop and carried out regularly (AU)

Estudio de calidad percibida en pacientes con gota atendidos en una consulta de reumatología con enfermería especializada / Perceived Quality in Patients With Gout Treated in a Rheumatology Clinic With a Clinical Nurse Specialist

Introducción: La gota es una artritis cristalina que se asocia con pérdida importante de calidad de vida. Un tratamiento por objetivos y un seguimiento proactivo permiten obtener mejores desenlaces clínicos. La enfermería especializada en reumatología optimiza el seguimiento en pacientes con gota y la adherencia al tratamiento, pudiendo mejorar la calidad percibida de estos enfermos en relación con la atención sanitaria. Objetivo: Determinar los factores que afectan a la calidad percibida y a la satisfacción de los enfermos con gota atendidos en consultas de reumatología e identificar áreas de mejora, así como explorar la influencia de enfermería en la atención y el seguimiento de estos pacientes. Metodología Estudio observacional transversal en pacientes con gota seguidos en una consulta monográfica mediante encuesta anónima basada en el modelo de calidad SERVQUAL, con datos demográficos y preguntas sobre aspectos asistenciales. Resultados: Se recogieron 71 encuestas cumplimentadas de las 80 entregadas entre agosto de 2019 y enero de 2020. La mayoría de los participantes fueron varones de más de 45años. El 39% se mostraron satisfechos con la atención recibida, y el 55% muy satisfechos. Todos los encuestados se mostraron satisfechos con la consulta presencial conjunta con enfermería especializada en reumatología, y el 66% consideraron buena la consulta telefónica con el enfermero. Se identificaron posibles áreas de mejora (tiempo de derivación a consulta, identificación y disponibilidad del personal sanitario). Conclusión: Encontramos una alta satisfacción global percibida por los pacientes atendidos en consulta de gota con enfermería especializada en reumatología. Conocer y sistematizar la opinión de los pacientes es esencial para mejorar la atención ofrecida.(AU)

Introduction: Gout is a crystal arthropathy that is associated with significant loss of quality of life. A treat-to-target approach and proactive monitoring yield superior outcomes to standard care. The Clinical Nurse Specialist enhances follow-up and adherence to treatment in patients with gout, improving their perceived healthcare quality. Objective: To determine the factors that affect the perceived quality and satisfaction of patients with gout treated in a rheumatology clinic and to identify areas for improvement, as well as to explore the influence of nurses’ work in the care and management of these patients. Methods: Cross-sectional observational study in patients with gout monitored in a monographic clinic by anonymous survey based on the SERVQUAL quality model, with demographic data and questions about aspects of care. Results: 71 completed surveys were collected from the 80 delivered between August 2019 and January 2020. Most of the participants were males over 45years of age. A total of 39% were satisfied with the care received, and 55% were very satisfied. All the respondents were satisfied with the face-to-face consultation with the Clinical Nurse Specialist and 66% considered the telephone consultation with the nurse to be good. Possible areas for improvement (referral time to consultation, identification, and availability of health providers) were identified. Conclusion: We found high overall satisfaction perceived by the patients attended in a gout consultation with the Clinical Nurse Specialist. Understanding and systematizing the patients’ opinion is essential to improve clinical care.(AU)

Propiedades psicométricas de la escala de calidad percibida y satisfacción del deporte municipal / Propriedades psicométricas da escala de satisfação e qualidade percebida do esporte municipal / Psychometric properties of the perceived quality and satisfaction scale of municipal sport

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la validez y fiabilidad del instrumento de calidad percibida y satisfacción del servicio deportivo (EPOD2) en el contexto mexicano, así como invarianza de medición en función del sexo y de institutos del deporte. Participaron 1510 usuarios de servicios deportivos (Medad = 20.40, DT = 7.47). El valor de la medida de adecuación muestral del Análisis Factorial Exploratorio (AFE) fue óptimo, la prueba de Bartlett resultó estadísticamente significativa, por lo que el AFE es pertinente. El Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio (AFC) corroboró la estructura factorial de las escalas, el ajuste de los índices fue adecuado. La invarianza factorial indicó que la estructura es estable tanto para sexo como por instituto del deporte. Se concluye que el instrumento EPOD2 es válido y fiable para el estudio de la calidad percibida y satisfacción de servicios deportivos en población mexicana, además de ser un instrumento de fácil aplicación e interpretación. (AU)

The aim of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of the perceived quality and satisfaction of sports service instrument (EPOD2) in the Mexican context, as well as the measurement invariance regarding sex and sports institutes. Participants 1510 users of sports services (Mage = 20.40, SD = 7.47). The value of the measure for sample adequacy of the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was optimal, the Bartlett test result was statistically significant, which means the EFA is pertinent. The Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) corroborated the scale's factorial structure, the adjustment of the indexes was adequate. The factorial invariance indicated that the structure is stable for sex as for sports institute. It is concluded that the EPOD2 instrument is valid and reliable for the study of the perceived quality and satisfaction of sports services within the Mexican population, besides being an instrument easy to interpret and to apply. (AU)

O objetivo deste studo foi determinar a validade e a confiabilidade do instrumento para percepção da qualidade e satisfação do serviço esportivo (EPOD2) no contexto mexicano, bem como a invariância de medição com base em institutos de sexo e esportes. Participaram 1.510 usuários de serviços esportivos (Medad = 20.40, DT = 7.47). O valor da medida de adequação da amostra da Análise Fatorial Exploratória (AFE) foi ótimo, o teste de Bartlett foi estatisticamente significativo, portanto, a AFE é relevante. A Análise Fatorial Confirmatória (AFC) corroborou a estrutura fatorial das escalas, o ajuste dos índices foi adequado. A invariância fatorial indicou que a estrutura é estável tanto para sexo quanto para institutos esportivos. Conclui-se que o instrumento EPOD2 é válido e confiável para o estudo da qualidade percebida e satisfação dos serviços esportivos na população mexicana, além de ser um instrumento de fácil aplicação e interpretação. (AU)

Perceived quality in patients with gout treated in a rheumatology clinic with a clinical nurse specialist.

INTRODUCTION: Gout is a crystal arthropathy that is associated with significant loss of quality of life. A treat-to-target approach and proactive monitoring yield superior outcomes to standard care. The Clinical Nurse Specialist enhances follow-up and adherence to treatment in patients with gout, improving their perceived healthcare quality. OBJECTIVE: To determine the factors that affect the perceived quality and satisfaction of patients with gout treated in a rheumatology clinic and to identify areas for improvement, as well as to explore the influence of nurses' work in the care and management of these patients. METHODS: Cross-sectional observational study in patients with gout monitored in a monographic clinic by anonymous survey based on the SERVQUAL quality model, with demographic data and questions about aspects of care. RESULTS: 71 completed surveys were collected from the 80 delivered between August 2019 and January 2020. Most of the participants were males over 45 years of age. A total of 39% were satisfied with the care received, and 55% were very satisfied. All the respondents were satisfied with the face-to-face consultation with the Clinical Nurse Specialist and 66% considered the telephone consultation with the nurse to be good. Possible areas for improvement (referral time to consultation, identification, and availability of health providers) were identified. CONCLUSION: We found high overall satisfaction perceived by the patients attended in a gout consultation with the Clinical Nurse Specialist. Understanding and systematizing the patients' opinion is essential to improve clinical care.

Percepción del paciente ante el acto anestésico: desarrollo de una encuesta breve en español para medir satisfacción / Patient perception of the anesthetic act: development of a brief survey in Spanish to measure satisfaction

Resumen: Introducción: El desarrollo de encuestas representa un proceso complejo que requiere la verificación de su utilidad antes de su aplicación. A nivel internacional existen pocos instrumentos para medir la percepción de la atención anestésica en cirugías electivas, sin olvidar que, en su mayoría, se crearon en inglés; por lo que el propósito de este estudio fue desarrollar una encuesta breve sobre la atención anestésica como un indicador de calidad en la población mexicana. Material y métodos: Se trata de un estudio cualitativo que implica la fase de la construcción de una encuesta en la que se realizó una revisión de la literatura internacional y local de los instrumentos para medir satisfacción en anestesiología. Posteriormente, se realizaron entrevistas informales aleatorias a 82 pacientes sobre temas asociados al acto anestésico para la construcción de ítems. Resultados: La propuesta incluye 16 ítems divididos en tres secciones correspondientes a las tres valoraciones anestésicas básicas en una cirugía electiva y que exploran seis dominios: trato adecuado, comunicación, autonomía, atención oportuna, efectos secundarios y satisfacción. Conclusiones: La propuesta presentada es un potencial instrumento que podría reflejar la calidad percibida de la atención anestésica en nuestra población, por lo que, para fortalecer este proceso, se requerirá continuar con sus respectivas validaciones.

Abstract: Introduction: Survey development represents a complex process that requires verification of its usefulness before its application. At an international level, there are few instruments to measure the perception of anaesthetic care in elective surgeries, without forgetting that most of them were created in English; therefore, the purpose of this study was to develop a brief survey on anaesthetic care as an indicator of quality in the Mexican population. Material and methods: This is a qualitative study that involves the construction phase of a survey in which a review of the international and local literature of the instruments to measure satisfaction in anesthesiology was carried out. Subsequently, informal random interviews were conducted with 82 patients on the most sensitive issues associated with the anaesthetic act for the construction of items. Results: The proposal consists of 16 items divided into three sections corresponding to the three basic anaesthetic evaluations in elective surgery and that explore five domains: communication, autonomy, timely care, adequate treatment, and satisfaction. Conclusions: The proposal made in this project is a potential instrument that could reflect the perceived quality of anaesthetic care in our population, so to strengthen this process it will be necessary to continue with their respective validations.

Perceived Quality in Patients With Gout Treated in a Rheumatology Clinic With a Clinical Nurse Specialist. / Estudio de calidad percibida en pacientes con gota atendidos en una consulta de reumatología con enfermería especializada.

INTRODUCTION: Gout is a crystal arthropathy that is associated with significant loss of quality of life. A treat-to-target approach and proactive monitoring yield superior outcomes to standard care. The Clinical Nurse Specialist enhances follow-up and adherence to treatment in patients with gout, improving their perceived healthcare quality. OBJECTIVE: To determine the factors that affect the perceived quality and satisfaction of patients with gout treated in a rheumatology clinic and to identify areas for improvement, as well as to explore the influence of nurses' work in the care and management of these patients. METHODS: Cross-sectional observational study in patients with gout monitored in a monographic clinic by anonymous survey based on the SERVQUAL quality model, with demographic data and questions about aspects of care. RESULTS: 71 completed surveys were collected from the 80 delivered between August 2019 and January 2020. Most of the participants were males over 45years of age. A total of 39% were satisfied with the care received, and 55% were very satisfied. All the respondents were satisfied with the face-to-face consultation with the Clinical Nurse Specialist and 66% considered the telephone consultation with the nurse to be good. Possible areas for improvement (referral time to consultation, identification, and availability of health providers) were identified. CONCLUSION: We found high overall satisfaction perceived by the patients attended in a gout consultation with the Clinical Nurse Specialist. Understanding and systematizing the patients' opinion is essential to improve clinical care.

Evaluación de la calidad percibida de los programas de voluntariado deportivo universitario al contexto mexicano: Universiada Nacional / Avaliação da percepção da qualidade dos programas de voluntariado desportivo universitário no contexto mexicano: Universiade Nacional / Evaluation of the perceived quality of university sports volunteering programs in the Mexican context: National Universiade

El objetivo de la presente investigación es validar una herramienta que permita evaluar la calidad percibida de los programas del voluntariado universitario al contexto deportivo mexicano. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizó el software estadístico SPSS v.22 y el programa LISREL 8.8. Se realizaron los análisis de consistencia interna, análisis factorial exploratorio (AFE) y análisis factorial confirmatorio (AFC) con dos muestras distintas. El instrumento utilizado fue el QVOLSPORT mx, el cual está compuesto por 49 ítems y 6 factores: 1. Organización del voluntariado, 2. Responsables de área, 3. Tareas específicas del área, 4. Logística, 5. Instalación y materiales y 6.Valoración personal. El muestreo fue intencional por conveniencia, los participantes son voluntarios deportivos universitarios de la Universiada Nacional del año 2017 y 2019 de ambos géneros. Se aplicó a una muestra de 778 participantes distribuida en 378 participantes en la Universiada del año 2017, donde 252 fueron hombres y 126 mujeres, mientras que para la Universiada del año 2019 participaron 400, donde 238 son hombres y 162 mujeres, con un rango de edad entre 18 y 31 años (M = 21.18). Los resultados mostraron que el Alfa de Cronbach por factores está por encima de .70; los indicadores de pertinencia fueron adecuados, los 6 factores obtenidos explican el 59.60% de la varianza total. Los índices de ajuste y de error son satisfactorios, CFI = 0.982, NNFI= 0.981 y RMSEA = 0.057, por lo que el modelo ajusta. (AU)

The objective of this research is to validate a tool that allows evaluating the perceived quality of university volunteer programs in the Mexican sports context. For data analysis, the statistical software SPSS v.22 and the LISREL 8.8 program were used. The internal consistency analyzes, exploratory factor analysis (AFE) and confirmatory factor analysis (AFC) were performed with two different samples. The instrument used was the QVOLSPORT mx, which is composed of 49 items and 6 factors: 1. Organization of the volunteer work, 2. Person in charge of the area, 3. Specific tasks of the area, 4. Logistics, 5. Installation and materials and 6. Personal assessment. The sampling was intentional for convenience, the participants are university sports volunteers of the National Universiade of the year 2017 and 2019 of both genders. It was applied to a sample of 778 participants distributed in 378 participants in the 2017 Universiade, where 252 were men and 126 women, while for the 2019 Universiade 400 participated, where 238 were men and 162 women, with a range of age between 18 and 31 years (M = 21.18). The results showed that Cronbach's Alpha by factors is above .70; the indicators of relevance were adequate, the 6 factors obtained explain 59.60% of the total variance. The fit and error indices are satisfactory, CFI = 0.982, NNFI = 0.981 and RMSEA = 0.057, so the model fits. It is concluded that the QVOLSPORT mx instrument has adequate psychometric properties and meets the needs of sports volunteering in the universitycommunity, enabling continuous improvement in sports volunteering programs. It is confirmed that the instrument is valid to evaluate the perceived quality of university sports volunteering programs in the Mexican sports context. (AU)

O objetivo desta pesquisa é validar uma ferramenta que permite avaliar a qualidade percebida dos programas de voluntariado universitário no contexto esportivo mexicano. Para a análise dos dados, foram utilizados os softwares estatísticos SPSS v.22 e LISREL 8.8. As análises de consistência interna, análise fatorial exploratória (AFE) e análise fatorial confirmatória (AFC) foram realizadas com duas amostras diferentes. O instrumento utilizadofoi o QVOLSPORT mx, que é composto por 49 itens e 6 fatores: 1. Organização do trabalho voluntário, 2. Responsável pela área, 3. Tarefas específicas da área, 4. Logística, 5. Instalação e materiais e 6. Avaliação pessoal. A amostragem foi intencional por conveniência, os participantes são voluntários do esporte universitário da Universiade Nacional dos anos de 2017 e 2019 de ambos os sexos. Foi aplicado a uma amostra de 778 participantes distribuídos em 378 participantes na Universiade 2017, sendo 252 homens e 126 mulheres, enquanto na Universiade 2019 participaram 400, sendo 238 homens e 162 mulheres, com faixa etária entre 18 e 31 anos (M = 21,18). Os resultados mostraram que o Alfa de Cronbach por fatores está acima de 0,70; os indicadores de relevância foram adequados, os 6 fatores obtidos explicam 59,60% da variância total. Os índices de ajuste e erro são satisfatórios, CFI = 0,982, NNFI = 0,981 e RMSEA = 0,057, então o modelo se ajusta. Concluise que o instrumento QVOLSPORT mx apresenta propriedades psicométricas adequadas e atende às necessidades do voluntariado esportivo na comunidade universitária, possibilitando a melhoria contínua nos programas de voluntariado esportivo. Confirmase que o instrumento é válido para avaliar a qualidade percebida de programas de voluntariado esportivo universitário no contexto esportivo mexicano. (AU)

Job quality indicators and perceived job quality: the moderating roles of individual preferences and gender / Indicadores de qualidade do trabalho e qualidade percebida do trabalho: os papéis moderadores das preferências individuais e do gênero / Indicadores de calidad del empleo y calidad percibida del trabajo: los roles moderadores de las preferencias individuales y el género

Job quality is critical for policy makers, but little is known about the factors that shape perceived job quality among employees. This study aimed to explore the importance of several traditional job quality indicators: employment characteristics (type of contract, employment relationship, schedule predictability) and educational misfit (horizontal, vertical) in predicting perceived job quality. Additionally, the moderating roles of preferred employment characteristics and gender were tested. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis was conducted in a sample of 562 Spanish employees. The results demonstrated that all the indicators, except schedule predictability, were related (and contributed equally) to perceived job quality. Gender moderated the interaction effect between the current and preferred employment relationship. For women, the full-time preference boosted the effect of full-time jobs on perceived job quality, whereas for men, the part-time preference boosted this effect. The findings indicate the importance of adopting a contextual approach to perceived job quality, considering individuals’ preferred employment characteristics and gender.

A qualidade do trabalho é crítica para os formuladores de políticas, mas pouco se sabe sobre os fatores que moldam a percepção da qualidade do trabalho entre os funcionários. Este estudo teve como objetivo explorar a importância de vários indicadores tradicionais de qualidade do emprego: características do emprego (tipo de contrato, relação de trabalho, previsibilidade de horário) e desajuste educacional (horizontal, vertical) na previsão da qualidade percebida do emprego. Além disso, os papéis moderadores de características de emprego preferenciais e gênero foram testados. Uma análise de regressão múltipla hierárquica foi realizada em uma amostra de 562 funcionários espanhóis. Os resultados demonstraram que todos os indicadores, exceto a previsibilidade do cronograma, estavam relacionados (e contribuíam igualmente) para a qualidade percebida do trabalho. O gênero moderou o efeito da interação entre a relação de trabalho atual e a preferencial. Para as mulheres, a preferência de tempo integral impulsionou o efeito dos empregos de tempo integral na percepção da qualidade do trabalho, enquanto para os homens, a preferência de meio período aumentou esse efeito. Os resultados indicam a importância de adotar uma abordagem contextual para a percepção da qualidade do trabalho, considerando as características de emprego preferidas dos indivíduos e gênero.

La calidad del trabajo es fundamental para los responsables de la formulación de políticas, pero se sabe poco sobre los factores que dan forma a la calidad del trabajo percibida entre los empleados. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo explorar la importancia de varios indicadores tradicionales de calidad del trabajo: características del empleo (tipo de contrato, relación laboral, previsibilidad del horario) y desajuste educativo (horizontal, vertical) para predecir la calidad del trabajo percibida. Además, se probaron los roles moderadores de las características laborales preferidas y el género. Se realizó un análisis de regresión múltiple jerárquica en una muestra de 562 empleados españoles. Los resultados demostraron que todos los indicadores, excepto la previsibilidad del horario, estaban relacionados (y contribuían por igual) a la calidad del trabajo percibida. El género moderó el efecto de interacción entre la relación laboral actual y la preferida. Para las mujeres, la preferencia a tiempo completo impulsó el efecto de los trabajos a tiempo completo sobre la calidad percibida del trabajo, mientras que para los hombres, la preferencia a tiempo parcial aumentó este efecto. Los hallazgos indican la importancia de adoptar un enfoque contextual de la calidad del trabajo percibida, considerando las características laborales preferidas de las personas y el género.

Self-management model in the scheduling of successive appointments in rheumatology. / El modelo de autogestión en la agenda de consultas sucesivas en reumatología.

INTRODUCTION: The rheumatology service of Ciudad Real Hospital, located in an autonomous community of that same name that is nearly in the center of Spain, implemented a self-management model of successive appointments more than 10 years ago. Since then, the physicians of the department schedule follow-up visits for their patients depending on the disease, its course and ancillary tests. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare the self-management model for successive appointments in the rheumatology service of Ciudad Real Hospital versus the model of external appointment management implemented in 8 of the hospital's 15 medical services. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A comparative and multivariate analysis was performed to identify variables with statistically significant differences, in terms of activity and/or performance indicators and quality perceived by users. The comparison involved the self-management model for successive appointments employed in the rheumatology service of Ciudad Real Hospital and the model for external appointment management used in 8 hospital medical services between January 1 and May 31, 2016. RESULTS: In a database with more than 100,000 records of appointments involving the set of services included in the study, the mean waiting time and the numbers of non-appearances and rescheduling of follow-up visits in the rheumatology department were significantly lower than in the other services. The number of individuals treated in outpatient rheumatology services was 7,768, and a total of 280 patients were surveyed (response rate 63.21%). They showed great overall satisfaction, and the incidence rate of claims was low. CONCLUSION: Our results show that the self-management model of scheduling appointments has better results in terms of activity indicators and in quality perceived by users, despite the intense activity. Thus, this study could be fundamental for decision making in the management of health care organizations.

Propuesta de instrumento para evaluar la calidad percibida por pacientes tratados por cirugía de mínimo acceso / Proposition of a questionnaire to evaluate the patient-perceived quality on minimal access surgery

RESUMEN Introducción: La cirugía de mínimo acceso ha tenido un desarrollo importante en las últimas dos décadas en Cuba. La satisfacción de la población con estos servicios, de innegable predilección por su efectividad e inocuidad, es cada vez mayor, sin embargo en la actualidad el nivel de satisfacción de los pacientes sobre bases científicas no se conoce. Objetivo: Elaborar y validar por expertos un instrumento para medir la percepción de la calidad de la atención médica que tienen los pacientes operados por cirugía de mínimo acceso. Métodos: Se elaboró y validó por expertos, un instrumento de medición, incluida la encuesta y estándares, para evaluar la calidad de la atención médica percibida por los pacientes operados, en las dimensiones de estructura, proceso y resultado. Resultados: El 100 por ciento de las preguntas fueron consideradas por los expertos justificables y pertinentes en el instrumento. Tres preguntas no cumplieron alguno de los requisitos de Moriyama y fueron modificadas. Fueron incorporados nuevos ítems relacionados fundamentalmente con procesos de atención médica. Se modificó la escala ordinal de Likert de cinco pasos por una de cuatro pasos. Se fijaron los estándares de calidad iguales o superiores al 80 por ciento, para cada uno de los tres niveles: por cada dimensión, por cada criterio para el conjunto de evaluados y por cada paciente según todos los criterios. Conclusión: El estudio aporta un instrumento validado por expertos, para evaluar la satisfacción de los pacientes en el ámbito de la cirugía de mínimo acceso(AU)

ABSTRACT Introduction: In the last two decades Minimal Access Surgery has had an important development in Cuba. Patient satisfaction with these services is higher, nevertheless today it is not well knows on a scientific basis. Objective: design and validate by experts a measurement instrument to assess the patient-perceived quality of patients operated by minimal access surgery. Methods: A measurement instrument, including questionnaire and standards, was developed and validated by experts, to evaluate the patient-perceived quality in the dimensions structure, process and results. Results: The experts considered the one hundred percent of questions in the instrument justified and relevant. Only three questions no fulfilled with one of the Moriyama's requirement and were improved. New items related with processes criteria were included. The ordinal 5-point Likert scale was modified to 4-point scale. Quality standards were fixed to 80 percent or higher for each of three levels: each dimension, each criterion for all evaluated and each patient according to all criteria. Conclusion: The study shows a validated instrument by experts to evaluate the patient's satisfaction in minimal access surgery(AU)

Perceived quality in a dementia unit: patients' caregivers as information providers. / Calidad percibida en una unidad de demencias: el portavoz del paciente como proveedor de información.

INTRODUCTION: Dementia units (DU) provide comprehensive and specialised care to patients with dementia. However, assessment in these units normally focuses on patient management. The aim of this study was to determine satisfaction of the caregivers of patients managed in a DU and how they rated DU care. METHODS: We created a self-administered questionnaire which was completed by 236 caregivers visiting the DU in 2015. The questionnaire included 6 dimensions (accessibility, organisation, professionalism, relationship with staff, information, and facilities); data were analysed using problem rates. RESULTS: A total of 53.4% caregivers completed the questionnaire; most were women, patients' spouses, or first-degree relatives. The overall problem rates was 15.0% (95% CI, 13.9-16.1), with sizeable differences between dimensions: from 0.1% (95% CI, 0.0-0.4) for 'relationship with staff' and 'professionalism' to 49.3% (95% CI, 45.4-53.2) for 'information'. Waiting times over 30minutes were perceived as excessive. Information problems were not directly related to patient management. Satisfaction was scored 8.29/10 (median 8; SD 1.45); 77.3% (95% CI, 69.8-74.8) of respondents were highly satisfied. Ninety-nine percent of the caregivers stated that they would recommend the DU. CONCLUSIONS: This questionnaire provides interesting data on care quality as perceived by patients' caregivers. Our results have allowed us to identify problems and implement corrective actions. Our questionnaire has proved to be a useful tool for evaluating and improving care quality in DUs.

[Sociodemographic characteristics and geographic variability associated with patient satisfaction in Primary Care]. / Características sociodemográficas y variabilidad geográfica relacionada con la satisfacción del paciente en Atención Primaria.

BACKGROUND: Patient satisfaction with health services plays an important role in programs to improve the quality of care from the point of view of users. The objectives of this study were: To identify sociodemographic characteristics associated with patient satisfaction in the care provided by family doctors in Primary Health Care (PHC) centres, and describe the geographical variability of this phenomenon in the Spanish National Health Service. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The data come from the European Health Survey (2009). Prevalence ratios (crude and adjusted) of the characteristics associated with both excellent satisfaction and dissatisfaction using Poisson regression, and their geographical variability are discussed. RESULTS: About one in every 3 users of the PHC believes that the care provided was excellent, while 6.7% were dissatisfied. There is a wide variability in the perception of satisfaction among the various regional health services, with prevalence ranging between 10.9% and 55.2%. Moreover, this assessment is closely related to age, level of self-perceived health, mental health, previous hospitalisation, chronic disease status, and limitations in daily activities. CONCLUSIONS: Satisfaction with the care provided by the PHC physician is relatively high. However, the distribution between regions and socio-demographic characteristics and health status of the user is heterogeneous.

Assessment of the knowledge and perception of support of patients with heart failure SOPICA study IN SPAIN.

OBJECTIVE: To understand the perceptions of patients with heart failure (HF) concerning their disease, treatment and support, as well as the specialists who provide care after a decompensation, and to determine whether there is a relationship between the type of specialist involved in the follow-up and the medium-term prognosis. METHODS: A multicentre, prospective cohort study consecutively included patients with acute HF in the emergency department. The patients were interviewed by telephone 91-180days after their emergency department visit. We investigated the relationship between the type of specialist who performed the follow-up and the emergency department visits or hospitalisations using Cox regression models, with progressive adjustment by groups of potential confounders of these relationships. RESULTS: We interviewed 785 patients. Thirty-three percent (95%CI: 30%-36%) considered their disease mild, 64% (60%-67%) required help from third parties for daily activities, 65% (61%-68%) had no recent therapeutic changes, and 69% (67%-72%) received the same treatment in the exacerbations. The perceived support varied significantly depending on the factor under consideration (from greater to lesser: family, hospital, emergency department, health centre, religion and patient associations; p<.05 in all comparisons). Thirty-nine percent (36%-43%) of the patients with decompensations consulted directly with the emergency department, with no prior changes in treatment. At discharge, general practitioners (74%, 71%-77%) and cardiologists (74%, 70%-77%) were the most involved in the follow-up, although the specialty was not related to the prognosis. CONCLUSION: There are various aspects of the perception of patients with HF concerning their disease that are susceptible to future interventions. Patient follow-up involves various specialties, but all achieve similar results in the medium term.

[Immigrant perceptions of the Spanish National Healthcare System and its services]. / Percepciones de un grupo de inmigrantes sobre el Sistema Nacional de Salud y sus servicios.

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the perception, use and satisfaction of a group of immigrants living in Barcelona taking into account their gender, origin and social class. DESIGN: Cross sectional study. LOCATION: City of Barcelona, Spain. PARTICIPANTS: A group of 225 immigrant residents and users of social services in the city of Barcelona, from June to July 2012. MAIN MEASURES: the level of access and relationship with the public health system of immigrants living in Barcelona was analysed, based on a questionnaire. The responses were analysed in relation to: gender, age, social class, self-perceived health, national origin, time since arrival, and marital status. RESULTS: The large majority (89%) of the population surveyed declared that the most important aspect was «to have been treated with respect¼ in health services. However, 59.4% reported a perception of «discrimination against immigrants¼, and 68.4% said that cultural differences affect «totally or partially¼ the quality of care received. For 66.7% of the participants, health care received in Barcelona is better than in their home country, mainly for its scientific, technical quality, and universal access. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the good assessment of universal public health care system this study showed deficiencies of the system in terms of the psychosocial component of health care to immigrants in Barcelona. It is necessary to deepen the study of knowledge and perceptions of minority groups in the current context.

Generalizabilidad y optimización en la evaluación de la calidad de los Centros de Atención Infantil Temprana (CAIT) / Generalizability and Optimization for Quality Assesment in Early Intervention Centers

El propósito de este trabajo fue optimizar una nueva herramienta de evaluación de la calidad de servicio percibida en los Centros de Atención Temprana, desarrollada ad hoc, que permitiera analizar distintas dimensiones desde la perspectiva de la Teoría de la Generalizabilidad. El objetivo fue desglosar la variabilidad real de la variabilidad del error. Se estimaron los componentes de varianza de las facetas centros, usuarios, ítems y escalas. Se utilizó una estructura de diseño multifaceta parcialmente anidado, analizando distintas categorías independientemente y en interacción, obteniendo excelentes resultados tanto de los índices de fiabilidad como de generalizabilidad. Se realizó una optimización del diseño de medida para optimizar los tamaños muestrales, pudiendo ser considerado un análisis coste-beneficio.

The purpose of this work was to optimize a new tool for evaluation of quality perceived in the Early Intervention Centers, developed ad hoc, allowing to analyze different dimensions of quality service in these kind of centres from the perspective of the Generalizability Theory. The aim was to break down the actual variability of the variability of the error. The variance of the facets centers, users, items and scales components were estimated. We used a structure of multifaceted partially nested design, analyzing different categories independently and in interaction, obtaining excellent results both indexes of reliability and generalizability. Measure design optimization to optimize sample sizes, and can be considered a cost-benefit analysis was conducted.

Validación de la versión reducida del CECASDEP en usuarios de servicios deportivos / Validation of a short version of CECASDEP in sports services users

El objetivo planteado consistió en desarrollar una versión reducida del CECASDEP y obtener evidencias de su validez y fiabilidad en 2 muestras diferentes. Participaron 882 personas con un rango de edad que oscilaba entre 14 y 81 años (M = 34.89; DT = 12.57), de los que 432 eran hombres y 440 mujeres. Se examinó la estructura interna mediante análisis factorial confirmatorio y la validez cruzada mediante análisis multigrupo, obteniendo un buen ajuste en los distintosíndices. El modelo resultante está compuesto por 25 ítems y 5 dimensiones, con propiedades psicométricas que mostraron buena consistencia interna, validez convergente y discriminante. El análisis factorial confirmatorio mostró buen ajuste en los distintosíndices y el análisis multigrupo ofreció una estructura estable en 2 muestras independientes. Los resultados indican que el modelo propuesto supone una herramienta válida para evaluar la calidad percibida en servicios deportivos.

The aim of this study was to develop a short version of CECASDEP and to obtain evidence of its validity and reliability in two different samples. A total of 882 individuals, 432 male and 440 female aged 14 to 81 (M = 34.89; DT = 12.57) were included in the study. Internal structure was examined, using confirmatory factor analysis, and a good adjustment of the model to the data was obtained. Besides, cross-validity was evaluated through multi-group analysis. The resulting model is composed of 25 items and 5 dimensions, with psychometric properties reflecting good internal consistency, convergent validity and discriminant validity. Confirmatory factor analysis showed an acceptable adjustment of the model to the data and multi-group analysis reflected that the structure factor is stable in two independent samples. The results confirm that the proposed model is a valid tool to assess the perceived quality in sports services.

Discrepancies on quality perceived by the patients versus professionals on the quality of a nuclear medicine department.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the discrepancies between the professionals and outpatients on quality perceived of a Nuclear Medicine Department (NMD). MATERIAL AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study has been carried out using two questionnaires: a validated patient experience questionnaire and a quality perception questionnaire for professionals. Both questionnaires use the same 25 categorical items to measure service quality, 2 Likert scale items to measure satisfaction and willingness to recommend the NMD and 1 open-ended question. The patient questionnaire included 6 socio-demographic items and one job-related question (professionals). The categorical items were classified as "conformity" or "non-conformity." RESULTS: The response rate was 36.7% for outpatients and 100% for professionals. Mean value for satisfaction with the NMD was 9 points for patients and 6.9 points for professionals. Mean number of non-conformity items per person was 2.8 for the patient group and 8.7 for the professional group. Cohen's Kappa value was 0.112, indicating poor agreement in the classification of items as strong points and areas for improvement. Of the 25 items, the professionals and patients coincided on 12 (48%). CONCLUSION: Agreement was low between the quality perception of patients and professionals. The patients scored quality of service higher than the NMD professionals did. These instruments are useful aid to help health organizations detect areas for improvement, and to improve the quality of the service provided to patients.

[Comparison of level of satisfaction of users of home care: integrated model vs. dispensaries model]. / Comparación de la satisfacción de los usuarios de atención domiciliaria: modelo integrado vs. modelo dispensarizado.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the level of satisfaction of users that receive home health care through two different models of primary health care: integrated model and dispensaries model. DESIGN: cross-sectional, observational study. LOCATION: Two primary care centers in the province of Barcelona. PARTICIPANTS: The questionnaire was administered to 158 chronic patients over 65 years old, of whom 67 were receiving health care from the integrated model, and 91 from the dispensaries model. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: The Evaluation of Satisfaction with Home Health Care (SATISFAD12) questionnaire was, together with other complementary questions about service satisfaction of home health care, as well as social demographic questions (age, sex, disease, etc). RESULTS: The patients of the dispensaries model showed more satisfaction than the users receiving care from the integrated model. There was a greater healthcare continuity for those patients from the dispensaries model, and a lower percentage of hospitalizations during the last year. The satisfaction of the users from both models was not associated to gender, the health perception,or independence of the CONCLUSIONS: The user satisfaction rate of the home care by primary health care seems to depend of the typical characteristics of each organisational model. The dispensaries model shows a higher rate of satisfaction or perceived quality of care in all the aspects analysed. More studies are neede to extrapolate these results to other primary care centers belonging to other institutions.